Vitamin D is a steroid hormone involved in the active
intestinal absorption of calcium and regulation of calcium homeostasis. It is
essential for the formation and maintenance of strong, healthy bones. Vitamin Dhas other roles in the body, including modulation of cell growth, neuromuscularand immune function, and reduction of inflammation. Vitamin D has two isomers:
vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D2 is
obtained from dairy product whereas Vitamin D3 is produced in the skin after
exposure to ultraviolet light. In the liver Vitamin D is hydroxylated at its
carbon 25 to form 25(OH) D. This metabolite is the predominant circulating form
of vitamin D and is considered to be an accurate indicator of the general
Vitamin D status on an individual.
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