Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship and Molecular Docking of Pim-1 Kinase Inhibitors

QSAR has established itself as an important means of virtual screening. Computational analysis of numerous drug molecules aided the facility to meaningfully screen specific ones for further use and experimentation. 

In this study, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) associated simulations were done and stochastic models were developed considering 55 molecules of hydroxyflavanone, thaizolidene2, 4-dione, pyridone derivatives against proviral insertion site of moloney murine leukemia virus. As part of the study, molecular field analysis (MFA) was done along with receptor surface analysis (RSA). Moreover, the generalization ability of the developed model was rigorously validated using 12 test set molecules.

A Multi scale Haemorheological Computer-Based Model of Atherosclerosis: An In-Depth Investigation of Erythrocytes-Driven Flow Characteristics in Atheroma Development

The mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases is dramatically increasing. Atherosclerosis is among the main contributors to this extremely high cardiovascular disease mortality. Atherosclerosis is controlled by mechanical forces exerted by the flow of bloodon the inner lining of arteries, the endothelium. 

In order to fight this lethal disease a realistic computational model is required that offers an accurate understanding of the effect of blood flow on the arterial wall. In order to realistically describe complex blood flow patterns and their interaction with the arterial wall, we have developed an integrated computational technique that takes into account both the particulate cellular composition of the blood and the interactions between the particulate blood and the vessel wall, in macro-circulation. 

Bioinformatics offer new avenues for the clinical and Medical data analysis

Genomics and molecular biology has served as a source of inspiration for biology an d biotechnology researchers and these two fields together developed a massive data known as bioinformatics. Bioinformatics data cut the elaborative laboratory costs as the analysis of this offers valuable inputs related to cancer genomics and viral genomics apart from offering next generation sequencing that is capable of analyzing the massive data generated from the medical, biotechnological and clinical research globally. 

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DNA/RNA Fragmentation and Cytolysis in Human Cancer Cells Treated with Diphthamide Nano Particles Derivatives

Molecular structure activity studies for some Diphthamide Nano particles derivatives indicate that the conformational characteristics along with the nature and position of the substituents on the Diphthamide Nano particles derivatives ring play an important role in their biological and biochemical activities (Figure 1). Therefore, we have calculated the optimized molecular geometries of some Diphthamide Nano particles derivatives. 

Calculations are carried out on the structures of these medical, medicinal and pharmaceutical Nano drugs using Hartree–Fock calculations and also Density Functional Theory (DFT) by performing HF, PM3, MM2, MM3, AM1, MP2, MP3, MP4, CCSD, CCSD(T), LDA, BVWN, BLYP and B3LYP levels of theory using the standard 31G, 6–31G*, 6–31+G*, 6–31G(3df, 3pd), 6–311G, 6–311G* and 6–311+G* basis sets of the Gaussian 09. The comparative heats of formation and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) charges are calculated for these Diphthamide Nano particles derivatives. We have finally obtained some conformational rules in terms of the natures and positions of the substituents on the Diphthamide Nano particles derivatives ring.

Linear Quadratic Tracking Control of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

Conventional feedback control models of the oculo motor system fail to account for the destabilizing effects of neural transmission delays. To address this short coming, a linear quadratic tracking algorithm used to control smoothly pursuing eye movements of various target trajectories is presented. 

Based on the type of input to the system, itis shown that stability, in the presence of large motor feedback delays, can be maintained by modulating weighting factors intrinsic to the model. Conditions, such as the initial orientation of the eye relative to the location of where a target first becomes salient and the possible oscillatory nature that the reference trajectory may present, play important roles in determining the optimal cost to go motor control strategy at the onset of a tracking movement.

Meta-Analysis of Genomic Data: Between Strengths, Weaknesses and New Perspective

The rapid advances in high-throughput technologies, such as microarrays have revolutionizing the knowledge and understanding of biological systems and genetic signatures of human diseases. This has led to the generation and accumulation of a large amount of genomic data that need to be adequately integrated to obtain more reliable and valid results than those from individual experiments. 

Meta-analysis of microarray data is one of the most common statistical techniques used for combining multiple data sets. Despite its remarkable successes in discovering molecular sub types, underlying pathways and bio markers for the pathological process of interest, this method possesses several limitations.

Here, we provided a briefly overview of current meta-analytic approaches together with the basic critical issues in performing meta-analysis of genomic data, with the aim of helping researchers to evaluate the quality of existing, published data and obtain more detailed information on what will be the best strategy to adopt to execute a good meta-analysis.

An Ultrasound Based Eye Tracking System

A novel, non-contact ultrasound device is detailed for recording and analyzing 3D fast eye movements (saccades) and smooth pursuit eye movements. Saccades are studied to gain a better understanding of the human oculomotor plant and neuro muscular systems. Abnormal saccades can be indicators of both neurological disorders and mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). 

Limitations in existing saccade measurement devices prevent them from being used to measure saccades immediately after a possible MTBI event or easily outside of the clinical environment. The device proposed is portable allowing saccade measurements in the field to immediately assess neurological dysfunction associated with MTBI. Ease of use and portability allow collection of data at times and places not possible with devices currently available. This increased database of saccades will expand our knowledge of the relationship between saccades and the neurological functioning of the brain. The focus of this paper is the development of a finite element model to establish a starting point for such a design.

Selenoergothionein as a Potential Inhibitor against Amyloid β-Protein (Aβ): Docking and Molecular Dynamics Studies

Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, encircling the deterioration of cognitive functions and behavioral changes, characterized by the aggregation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) into fibrillar amyloid plaques in elected areas of the brain with the lipid-carrier protein Apo lipoprotein E (apoE), the microtubule associated protein tau, and the presynaptic protein α-synuclein. 

High levels of fibrillary Aβ, the main constituent of senile plaques, are deposited in the AD brain that outcome in the thrashing of synapses, neurons and destruction of neuronal role. Aβ is derived from the amyloid precursor protein through sequential protein cleavage by aspartyl protease, β-secretase and presenilin-dependentβ-secretase triggering a spill of events such as oxidative damage,neurotoxicity, and inflammation that contributes to the progression of AD. 

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation as a Graduation Requirement for Biomedical Engineering Students

At the end of a mountain road in Austria during the summer of 2003, I waited for a boat with my family on a dock at a large lake. Suddenly I saw a man fall to the sidewalk. His skin had turned that ashen blue color, and it was clear to me that he was in cardiac arrest. There was a crowd of more than 75 persons just standing and looking at him. I knew what to do when there was no detectable pulse or breathing. Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) chest compressions were started immediately. 

His skin color returned to nearly normal. After a few minutes, a single bystander came up and said they knew how to do breaths. At that time, recommendations were for intermittent breathing as well as chest compressions. The stricken person made it alive to the EMS vehicle that took nearly 30 minutes to arrive. While I do not know the eventual outcome, I do know he was successfully resuscitated using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED). Furthermore with the quick application of CPR, he likely had a full recovery. Unfortunately, from the crowd response at that time, there were not enough people trained to act in this emergency situation where seconds really count.

Next generation sequencing facilitate Efficient Biomedical Solutions

Both Genomics and molecular biology have served as a source of inspiration for the biology and biotechnology research globally. They could generate vast data called bioinformatics and analysis of this data would provide valuable information for drug development, control and innovative diagnostic technologies. This could cut the laboratory costs considerably. Bioinformatics plays a crucial role in analysing genome sequencing and viral sequencing in the most efficient manner, leading to the next generation sequencing.

Enhancing Visual Evoked Potentials Detection with Use of Computational Intelligence Tools

The analysis of evoked potentials (EPs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) is usually inspected visually and demands subjective interpretation of the results. This paper aims at combining an statistical criterion based on the magnitude square multiple coherence (MSMC) estimate with computational intelligence methods in order to estimate the EPs detection rate (DR) using only portions of the frequency spectrum. 

Thus, networks were used to predict the DR in EEG signals of 15 normal subjects during stroboscopic stimulation. The algorithms were designed to receive the spectral information of two, four or six EEG derivations as the input and DR as the output. Our best result shows that the artificial neural networks can estimate DR with correlation coefficient of 0.97 compared with MSMC, even when a reduced amount of spectral information from the data is available.

New and Old Myths on Current Research in Oro facial Region

Cosmetology & Oro Facial Surgery is one of the major section of medicine dealing with dental and facial defects which occurs either from any accident or due to any disorder that requires reconstruction by oral (mouth) and maxillofacial (jaws and face) region surgeries. It is internationally recognized surgical specialty of medicine and dentistry and compulsory require dual degree in medicine with dentistry. 

Journal of Cosmetology & Oro Facial Surgery aim to provide rapid and reliable information on current developments in the form of research and review articles with studied cases in the form of reports. It covers topics on Blepharoplasty, chemical peel, Dental Oro facial surgery, Lip reconstruction,Dento alveolar surgery, Cosmetic facial surgery, Head and Neck reconstruction, congenital craniofacial malformations and many more.

Increased Heat Stress Raising Skin Cancer Risk

Body temperature of 37°C maintains expression and activity of proteins that are crucial for cellular homeostasis, useful for survival and cyto protection. An increase in temperature by 2°Chowever may cause serious morphological damage to cells. Heat Shock Proteins play a significant role in creating different physio-pathological conditions including cancer .Heat stress activates HSPs, which prevent cells from undergoing apoptosis and maintenance of cellular function. Recent studies hypothesized that heat stress may be linked to skin cancers.

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Multi-layered Non-Newtonian Plaque Formation causes Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases

Heart is a sensitive organ prone to vulnerabilities like plaque phenotype, leading to increased rupture. Blood particles get concentrated as a result of such stress in the blood circulation and distribution. Endothelial cells that are crucial for the maintenance of Cellular functions like homoeostasis are able to sense the changes in its surroundings and induce chemical responses. It may transmit the stress to regulate the cellular activity, leading to concentration of cells and inflammation and cardio-vascular diseases.   

Identification of Double-Step Saccades Elicited by Auditory Double-Step Stimuli

Voluntary Saccadic eye movements can have visual, auditory, and auditory-visual bisensory origins. An experiment may be defined to examine how changing the type of sensory inputs and the number of them in a sequence reveals the type of the saccade generated by the oculo motor system; herein deemed single-step or double-step. 

This work reports design of experiments of double-step auditory stimuli played for human subjects, recording triggered saccadic eye movements, detecting each saccade, as well as estimating the saccade response characteristics, namely duration and latency. Based on the latency, then, it determines the type of the generated saccade by the subject through a clustering technique. We found that when doubling the amplitude of the two separate steps in double-step inputs, while keeping their duration unchanged, the number of triggered double-step saccades rises.