Preliminary Development of a Magnetically Assisted Test Strip (MATS) Cartridge

Preliminary development of a simple mesofluidic multi-channel plastic cartridge with underlying external magnet to drag DNA aptamer-coated paramagnetic beads through fluids in the channels while developing a sandwich assay with quantum dot-conjugated reporter aptamers is described. 

This approach is superior to traditional lateral flow test strips in several ways including:

1. The ability to control the speed of lateral flow in the channel versus conventional nitrocellulose analytical membranes with fixed wicking times. 
2. The use of aptamers for potentially greater affinity and consistency from batch-to-batch versus comparable antibodies. 
3. Superior fluorescence efficiency and intensity provided by quantum dots versus conventional fluorescent dyes and 
4. The ability to multiplex based on the various colored emissions of different sized quantum dots when excited with a single ultraviolet source. 

Development of the system from concept to prototype isdescribed along with illustration of sensitive system performance for severalfood safety-related targets. The system is also clearly adaptable to rapid multiplex detection and sensitive quantitation of clinical biomarkers, drugs, environmental, veterinary or other target analytes.

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Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate Diagnosed by Multi-Parametric Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is an aggressive form of prostate cancer (CaP) with clinical and pathological features distinguishing it from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN). IDC-P is characterized by a high volume and high-grade disease, with an aggressive behavior. We present the case of a 63-year-old male withdiagnostic MRI imaging indicative of IDC-P. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of IDC-P identified with multi-parametric MRI.

Although, the term “intraductal carcinoma of the prostate” (IDC-P) was first used by Rhamy, McNeak and Yemoto, were the first to delineate IDC-P as a distinct biological entity with definable histological and clinical features. IDC-P is defined as aproliferation of malignant prostate adenocarcinoma cells distending orcompletely spanning the lumen of pre-existing prostatic ducts and acini, with at least focal preservation of basal cells. Watts et al. estimated the incidence of IDC-P to 2.8% in prostate biopsies.

Are Kinematic and Kinetic Analyses Useful to Evaluate Patellofemoral Disorders in the Clinical Practice?

Current methods for the assessment of the outcome after anterior knee pain (AKP) or lateral patellar instability treatment have several limitations, for example their subjectivity. Therefore, new technologies are needed to objectivelyevaluate the outcomes of treatments for patellofemoral disorders and also to compare different methods of treatment.

The ideal situation would be to evaluate these patients during dynamic activities that trigger or aggravate the symptoms (i.e., pain and/or instability), under realistic loading conditions. We believe that this objective could be reached by means of kinematic andkinetic analysis. The aim of this paper is to analyze the two main reasons for consultation in patellofemoral disorders (i.e., pain and instability) in our daily clinical practice from a kinematic and kinetic point of view emphasizing on the clinical relevance of our biomechanical findings.

Shikimate Kinase of Yersinia pestis: A Sequence, Structural and Functional Analysis

Yersinia pestis, the causative organism of Plague, is widely recognized as a potential bioterrorism threat. Due to the absence of homologs in human, Shikimate Kinase (SK) is considered as an excellent drug target in several bacterial and protozoan parasites. 

Ample literature evidences confirm the suitability of this protein as a good target. Therefore, Shikimate Kinase of Shikimate pathway inYersinia pestis represents an attractive drug target. In the present study, a clustering approach was undertaken to select the proper representative for Shikimate Kinase sequences belonging to Yersinia pestis for structure determination. 

Three-dimensional models of the enzyme for KFB61218.1 (SK1), EFA47400.1 (SK2) and WP_016255950.1 (SK3) were generated using a comparative molecular modeling approach where structures were developed using the single specific template as well as multiple closely associated templates. Thestructures of Shikimate Kinase developed using comparative modeling were evaluatedfor stereochemical quality using various structural validation tools. Results from structural assessment tools indicated the reasonably good quality of models.

Bioengineered Cranial Bones with Multiple Intelligent Functions

Many neurological and psychiatric disorders with predominantly cerebral cortical pathology, including most severe strokes,  traumatic  brain  injuries,  malignant  brain  tumours,  intractable  focal  epilepsies  and  dementias  such  as Alzheimer’s disease are currently difficult, if not impossible, to treat. This causes suffering in almost 100million people worldwide. We propose that bioengineered cranial bones with multiple intelligent functions, including site- specific trans meningeal drug delivery and neurotoxin drainage with EEG feedback, can provide effective treatment of these brain disorders by drug combinations that act on both synapses and genes with concomitant selective drainage of harmful extracellular molecules.

Preliminary Evaluation of the Effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Application Rate

Tissue middle of the road plasma has been utilized as a part of preclinical and all the more as of late in clinical settings for the debridement of dead tissue and the evacuation of bacterial biofilms. Cool plasma treatment is a developingfield in medicinal sciences; it is for the most part because of the useful impacts that low temperature plasma has illustrated: calming, antitumor genic and hostile to microbial impacts. The upside of chilly plasma treatment over ordinary warm plasma medications, bend coagulators and desiccators, is that it takes into account more exact application and hence more controllable impacts on the tissue. Moreover, frosty plasma treatment demonstrated stimulatory impacts on wound recuperating and tissue recovery.

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Solid-phase Immuno Radio Metric Assay (IRMA) of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone included in the dynamic intestinal retention of calcium and regulation of calcium homeostasis. It is vital for the development and upkeep of solid, sound bones. Vitamin D has different parts in the body,including tweak of cell development, neuromuscular and insusceptible capacity, and diminishment of aggravation. Vitamin D has two isomers: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D2 is acquired from dairy item while Vitamin D3 is delivered in the skin after introduction to bright light. In the liver Vitamin D is hydroxylated at its carbon 25 to shape 25(OH) D. This metabolite is the overwhelming circling type of vitamin D and is thought to be an exact pointer of the general Vitamin D status on a person.

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